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Diplopia refers specifically to the condition of experiencing double vision, where a person sees two images of a single object when looking at it. This can occur due to various underlying causes, such as issues with the eye muscles, neurological disorders, or certain eye conditions. The term itself comes from the Greek "diploia," meaning "double." Understanding diplopia is essential in clinical settings as it can significantly impact an individual's daily functioning and quality of life.

The other options represent different visual impairments or conditions: loss of vision in one eye pertains to monocular vision impairment, blindness in both eyes refers to total vision loss, and color blindness indicates an inability to distinguish certain colors. Each condition has distinct characteristics and implications, but diplopia is uniquely defined as seeing double, making the correct choice clear.